Thom Gunn, who has been a long time resident of California, dominated English poetry in 1960s and 1970s. He combines a respect for traditional poetic forms with an interest in popular topics, such as the Hell's Angels, LSD and homosexuality. His poetry was associated with the Movement and also with the works of Ted Hughes. Gunn's poetry, together with that of Philip Larkin, Donald Davie and other members of the Movement, has been described as 'emphasizing purity of diction and neutral tone……. encouraging a more spare language and a desire to represent a seeing of the world with fresh eyes'.

“A Critical study on the Effect of Yogic Practices on the health of Jewellary Employees” has been conducted at Malabar Gold Employees Hostel, Falnir, Mangalore. Total of 22 subjects of the age group of 22 to 45 years were selected. The 22 subjects were divided randomly 12 as experimental group and 10 were control group. Experimental group has undergone an experimental intervention involving selected yogic practices on every Morning, 6 days in a week for 40 days. Body weight, water percentage, fat percentages, muscle percentage, calorie analysis, systolic and diastolic B.P were physiological parameters. Result of the study shows that most of the physiological parameters have shown significant changes. Therefore regular practice of Yoga helps to bring fitness of the body, good health by controlling the various activities of body.

Gita Mehta is one of the well-known contributors in Indian English Literature. She is a diasporic writer settled in America at present. Indian English Literature has a long tradition of women writers such as earlier novelists Kamala Markandaya, Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, Anita Desai, Shashi Deshpande, Arundhati Roy, Kiran Desai, etc. Compared to these women novelists Gita Mehta's contribution is though quantitatively less but it is qualitatively significant because of her handling of the subject-matter and form. As a diasporic writer, she dedicated her writing towards Indian culture and society. She published A River Sutra in 1993. The novel centers on India's holiest river, the Narmada. She is a writer, inhabiting two worlds with equal ease. She has experienced cultural difference by living in two different cultures. Gita Mehta is the daughter of the well-known freedom fighter Biju Patnaik of Orissa. She was born in Delhi. The diasporic work often reveals the author's subversive agenda as the narratives both reflect and create ways of seeing and modes of articulation that reinforce dispossession and dislocation and the dichotomy of living astride two cultures. Women experience diaspora under three conditions – first, when they grow up in a foreign land with their migrant parents; secondly, by virtue of their marriage when they are uprooted from their parental home and then from their homeland; and thirdly, when they exercise their concise choice to go to some western Metropolitan centre in pursuance of their ambition, higher education or some lucrative job. In real-life experience, they are caught between all the psychological problems of the diaspora, such as dislocation, unbelonging, marginalization, and cultural dissonance that are common also to men, and also a variety of oppressive conditions and discriminatory practices peculiar to gender both inside and outside the community.

However, resources are base for the development of any area as they provide basic substances for the survival of man like food, shelter and clothing. Apart from these basic elements for survival, availability and utilization of resources determine the quality of life. In economic and material development of any region, reosurces play most vital role. Thus resources viewed as the most important determinant of development of any region.

’In this study, an attempt has been made to study the relationship between pro-social behaviour and anti social behaviour of higher secondary students. Prosocial behaviour can be defined as voluntary behaviours made with the intent of benefiting others or society. Anti social behaviour refers to any acts that are violations of social rules including against people or property. The pro-social and antisocial behaviour scale was constructed and validated by the investigator has been used for this study to measure both pro-soccial behaviour and anti social behaviour of higher secondary students. The pro-social and antisocial behaviour scale includes four dimensions of pro-social behaviour namely donating, helping, sharing and comforting behaviour and also includes four dimensions of anti social behaviour namely, troublesome, aggressive, misbehaviour and threatening behaviour. The tool has been administered to a random sample of 836 higher secondary students studying in Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu. The survey method has been followed for the present study. The result of the study reveals that there is significantly

This investigation aimed to study the effect of two types of gelling agent (agar and gelrite) on in vitro growth of Momordicacharantia. Agar was tested at the concentrations (5g/l, 7g/lor 10g/l), while 1.5g/l, 2.5g/lor 3.5g/lgelritewere used.Shoot tip and nodal cutting were used as two types of explant. Nodal cutting explants showed the best performance for in vitro growth. Data indicated that,7g/lagar gave the highest values of callus formation percentage and both of fresh and dry weight of callus, while gelrite was effective in increasing the shoot and root formation, as 2.5g/l gelrite significantly increasedthe percentage of shoot and root formation. However, both number of shoots and nods showed to be highest when 3.5g/l gelrite was added to the medium.Shoot length was significantly highest with 1.5g/l gelrite. Data clearly indicated that, highest percentage of survived plantlets which transferred to pots was obtained with 7g/l agar, but 1.5g/lgelrite gave no survival results. Hyperhydricity was significantly increased when 1.5g/l gelritewas used with nodal cutting explants whichexcised from plantlets grown on medium contained 2 mg/l BA,thensub-cultured on free- growth regulators MS medium. Data were detectedafter 4 weeks of incubation. For detection the effect of MS nutrient salt strength on in vitro growth using 7g/l agar or 2.5g/l gelrite with nodal cutting explant,data showed that,half strength of MS medium contained7g/l agar significantly increased callus formation percentage.While full strength MS medium contained2.5g/l gelrite significantly increased the percentage of shoot and root.Different MS nutrient strengths (0.5, 1.25 or 1.50) gave highest number of shoots without significant difference; however they significantly surpassed full strength of MS in that, concern. Moreover the highestnumber of nods was observed with 1.5 strength of Msnutrient mediumcontained 2.5g/l gelrite. The highest value of shoot length was recorded by using 1.25 strength of MS nutrient medium contained 2.5g/l gelrite

The study was aimed to study the personality of male and female slow learners in terms of wastage and stagnation in government and private secondary schools in Sonipat district Haryana. A sample of 400 students of male and female slow learner students of 9th class was taken by simple random technique lottery method. The data was collected by a personality inventory developed by S.P. Kulshesthra and R.P. Kothiyal. Statistical techniques; mean, SD and t-test were applied to find out the significant differences among the male and female slow learners on the basis of the twelve dimensions of personality. It was found that there were significant differences among the male and female slow learners on eleven dimensions of personality 'Emotionally stable verses emotionally more stable', 'Submissive verses dominant' 'Inactive verses overactive', 'Less intelligence verses more intelligent', 'Introverts verses extrovert', 'Tensed verses relaxed', 'Poor mental health verses good mental health', 'Poor adjustment verses good adjustment', 'Superstitious verses non superstitious', 'Low creativity verses more creativity', 'Moral ability verses high moral ability'. No significant difference was found on the 'secure versus insecure' dimension of personality among the male and female slow learners.

The samples of Cu Zn AlxFe O ferrite system with (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) were prepared 0.6 0.4 2-x 4 0 by the usual doubled sintering conventional ceramic technique. The powder samples were annealed at 900 C for 24 0 hours and the samples were pressed into pellets of 10mm diameter are sintered at 1100 C for 36 hours. The samples were studied by means of X-ray diffraction. The X-ray analysis showed that all the samples had single-phase cubic 2+ 2+ 3+ spinel structure. The variation of lattice constant with Cu , Zn and Al concentration deviates from Vegard's law. 2+ The cation distribution estimated from X-ray intensity ratio calculations suggest that, Zn ions occupies 3+ 2+ tetrahedral (A) site and Al , Cu ions at octahedral [B] sites..

-A quest for women's identity has been a key idea of contemporary feminist thought. Feminist literary criticism exposed a serious clash between the traditional view of the women's role in the society and the way women perceived themselves. It is this clash that is of particular interest to Margaret Atwood in her novel The Edible Woman. The heroine of the novel, Marian, is bound by the stereotyped notion of her role in society; she realizes the deficiencies of this concept and try to defy it. The means of her struggle to find her identity, as well as the differences, shifts and similarities in the description of women's experience in relation to the changes of the social climate are the main foci of this paper. This research paper designs to show the specifics of women's experience in Margaret Atwood's novel The Edible Woman, analyzing the strategies the woman character employ in her quest for identity. After the identification of the mechanisms that coerce women to conform to the stereotyped image of an ideal and specification of the conflict between the social conception of an ideal woman and self-perception of the heroines, the work will concentrate on the similarities, differences and effectiveness of the identity seeking strategies with special emphasis on the social changes between the publication of both novels.

-First evidence of diphtheria cases in Dhubri district of Assam were come into noticed during the year, 2013. Throat Swab specimens were collected by using sterile applicator stick from the suspected patients who showed standard case definition. Corynebacterium diphtheriae was detected among 30% of the collected samples. Most nos of cases were reported from Dharmasala BPHC. Infant males were more affected. It was found that sporadic cases of diphtheria were reported over the year in different parts of Dhubri district but rate of diphtheria cases were high during the month of August -September. Affected peoples were inhabitants of chor area

Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the primary cause of long term disability. It is a sudden, focal neurological deficit resulting from ischemic (or) hemorrhagic lesions in the brain. It affects more than six lakhs people all over the world each year. In the analysis and interpretation of Functional independence scale and Barthel Index of Bobath approach, There was a significant in the FIM scales pre test (M= 67.3, SD=0.96) and post test (M= 74.9, SD=0.96) t(9)=25.01, P ≤0.01 which showed that there was significant improvement in ADL following Bobath approach. There was a significant in the Barthel Index scales pre test (M= 68.9, SD=1.33) and post test (M= 75.9, SD=1.33) t (9) =16.63, P ≤0.01 which showed that there was significant improvement in ADL with response to Bobath approach. Thus, the study concluded that Bobath approach was the effective treatment for improving ADL in stroke patients and also functional independence scale (FIM) and Barthel index scale could be used as the assessment tool for stroke patients.

Training and development is the field which is concerned with organizational activity aimed at bettering the performance of individuals and groups inorganizational settings. It has been known by several names, including human resource development, and learning and development. In the current scenario, there are major forces within the banking industry requiring organisations to seek new &innovative methods to deliver services more efficiently. This has huge implications for overall employee development and human resource planning. Bartlett (2007) argues that HRD issues associated with these changes are often overlooked. Furthermore, although ensuring that learning is transferred and utilised in the workplace remains of critical importance for HRD researchers and practitioners (Burke & Hutchins, 2008), Clarke (2007 and 2002) states that very little empirical research on training transfer has been conducted in human service organisations. This paper reports on the effect of demographic variables on training transfer from a study that collected data from 104 employees of 2 banks within Jaipur namely, Kotak Mahindra Bank & Standard Chartered Bank. The variables explored were employee age, education, salary range, designation, marital status, employment tenure, and some situational factors affecting training. The study found that a number of the variables investigated, significantly impacted on levels of training transfer. These results have important implications for HRD practitioners with regard to the profile of the workforce in such setting, the role of training and development, and training environment.

-There is a growing and worldwide appreciation that the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises play a catalytic role in the development process of most economies. This position gets reflected in the form of their increasing number and rising proportion in the overall product manufacturing, exports, manpower employment, technical innovations and promotion of entrepreneurial skills. The main objective of this paper is to make an analysis of the development of MSMEs in the Jammu and Kashmir. The MSMEs are studied in terms of change in the number of enterprises and employees, type of organization, nature of activity, women enterprises and sickness. MSMEs provide more employment opportunities with less investment and can play a major role in solving Jammu and Kashmir's unemployment problem. More than ninety-one per cent of SSI/MSME units are proprietary concerns and has a mass entrepreneurial base. In Jammu and Kashmir, growth of women enterprises in SSI/MSME sector is remarkable. This is a positive sign of women empowerment and gender equity. However, the growth rate of sick units is more in Jammu and Kashmir than the All India level. Prevention of sickness and rehabilitation of sick SSI Units requires more attention while framing the future programs of MSMEs development.

Stock markets are complex. Resolving such complexity has been a dream for traders They have been in great need of powerful assistance in their financial decisions. Human capability in analyzing all the data has not been satisfactory, and traditional economic methods have not been promising . Stock price predictions suffer from two well known difficulties, i.e., the high dimensionality and non-stationary variations within the huge historic price data. The major concern of the study is to develop a system that can predict future prices in the stock markets by taking samples of past prices.Fuzzy modeling of high-dimensional systems is a challenging topic.. This paper presents a novel approach to overcome the 'fuzziness' in traditional price prediction methods using fuzzy logic. Fuzzy logic is used to determine the likelihood of incidents. Fuzzy logic is used to characterise consequences and then fuzzy set operations are used to combine the severity of consequences and likelihood of occurrence to calculate the price. The model elicits, from historical data price, some of the rules which govern the market, and shows that rules which are drawn from a particular stock are to some extent independent of that stock, and can be generalized and applied to other stocks regardless of specific time.. The advantage of the fuzzy approach is that it enables processing of vaguely defined variables, and variables whose relationships cannot be defined by mathematical relationships The fuzzy price prediction model presented in this paper is the first of its kind. The resulting fuzzy system generated by this method has the following distinct features: 1) the fuzzy system is quite simplified; 2) the fuzzy system is interpretable; and 3) the dependencies between the inputs and the output are clearly shown.

A novel synthesis route was developed for the hexagonal member of the M41S family. Attempts have been made for the preparation of MCM-41 by variation of the surfactant/silicon molar ratio and various proportion of ammonia as a catalyst in synthesis reaction gel. The well crystalline Si-MCM-41 is synthesized in the short time interval of 2 h and at room temperature. XRD, FTIR, BET surface area measurements were used to characterize the synthesized samples. We found that as the surfactant/silicon ratio increases the specific surface area increase to great extent. Similarly, it was observed that high specific surface area can be attained by increasing the catalyst concentration at constant - surfactant/silicon molar ratio. These mesoporous molecular sieves showed high specific surface area 1628.59 m2g 1 and ordered cylindrical channel system. This property makes MCM-41 very interesting to be used as a support material for catalytic materials in many industrial based reactions such as petro-chemicals, hydrogen productions as fuel. Moreover, this material has proved his potential candidature in variety of applications in the field of sorption, separation, optics, electronics, sensors, air purification, waste water treatment etc. The main advantages of this method are short reaction time, excellent reproducibility and easy to scale-up the preparation method.

’The paper focuses on the application of Total Quality Management in Library in different sub-titles such as Need for Quality Management, Total Quantity Management, Basic components of Total Quality Management, Key Elements in Total Quality Management, Total Quality Management and Libraries, Implementation of Total Quality Management in Library. Application of Total Quality Management in Libraries will provide a vital link for managerial decision makers.

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are employed in photovoltaic (PV) systems to make full utilization of the PV array output power which depends on solar irradiation and ambient temperature. Among all the MPPT strategies, perturbation and observation (P&O) method is widely applied in the MPPT controllers due to their simplicity and easy implementation. Multilevel inverters became more popular in the power conversion systems for high power and power quality demanding applications. Among different topologies of MLIs, Cascaded H-Bridge MLIs are more suitable converters for PV applications since each PV panel can act as a separate DC source for each CHB module. This paper presents a simulation analysis 5-level CHBMLI for PV applications with the SPWM control technique using MATLAB/SIMULINK.

The study investigated the strategies for inculcating creative problem solving to students with special needs in Nigerian universities through entrepreneurship education. A survey research design was adopted for the study. Three research questions were formulated to guide the study. 58 lecturers who teach special education served as the population and sample. A 24 item questionnaire titled Creative Problem Solving through Entrepreneurship Education Questionnaire (CPSEEQ) was developed by the researchers and used to elicit information from the respondents. Cronbach alpha reliability method was used to determine the internal consistency of (CPSEEQ) and it yielded a reliability estimate of 0.81. The findings of the study showed that though creative problem solving is an important component of entrepreneurship education, lecturers still stick with the old ideas and methods of teaching entrepeneurship theoretically. It was recommended that universities should move beyond the mere teaching of theories to providing the students with more hands on practice on solving societal problems right from the time they are still students.

Transverse sections made in seedling of lupine (Lupinus albus L.) were examined by light microscope to study the development and transition of the vascular system. Vascular transition occurred in the root. It started few centimeters below the soil surface, and completed at the basal (superior) end of the root. No rotation was observed during the transition of vascular tissues from exarch radial to endarch collateral arrangement, but the protoxylem elements differentiated gradually on the inner side of metaxylem. Although vascular transition is completed at the base of the root, the vascular system of the hypocotyl axis showed differential structure at the different levels of the hypocotyl. Development and course of the leaf traces indicate that there is continuity between the vascular system of the hypocotyl and that of the epicotyl. Regardless the phase of transition; the fascicular cambium was established between the primary phloem and metaxylem.The development and activity of interfascicular cambium varied to some extent according to the level of seedling axis.

’The collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of cold war caused the earlier bipolar world to be unipolar. The change resulted in a substantial shift in US interests from Africa to formerly Soviet states of Eastern Europe which was evidenced by drastic reduction in US bilateral aid to Africa. After the end of the cold war, US main concern was to establish its hegemony. With the focus on democratization, human rights and neo-liberal economic reforms, United States was prepared to cut off ties with those African states which were not abiding by these conditions. Democracy and human rights were not new to the US foreign policy. Provisions of Section 116 of the 1961 Foreign Assistance Act prohibited the President from providing development aid to the government of any country which is involved in a violation of internationally recognized human rights. The 1976 Congressional Foreign Assistance Act has also been an indicator of US' respect for human rights and fundamental freedom across the world.

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are employed in photovoltaic (PV) systems to make full utilization of the PV array output power which depends on solar irradiation and ambient temperature. Among all the MPPT strategies, perturbation and observation (P&O) method is widely applied in the MPPT controllers due to their simplicity and easy implementation. Multilevel inverters became more popular in the power conversion systems for high power and power quality demanding applications. Among different topologies of MLIs, Cascaded H-Bridge MLIs are more suitable converters for PV applications since each PV panel can act as a separate DC source for each CHB module. This paper presents a simulation analysis 5-level CHBMLI for PV applications with the SPWM control technique using MATLAB/SIMULINK.

-Electronics, Telecommunication and Information Technology play great role for the modernization of agriculture. This in turn provides comforts to the farmer while operating the farm machineries. Agriculture provides all living beings with food and fiber. Use of tractors and other machines have boosted the agriculture production in a great deal to meet the ever increasing needs for the food and fiber. Hence, the prediction of tractor performance has been a major focus for many researchers over last twenty years. The commercial draft control systems engaged in today's tractors are found to be inefficient due to the poor control mechanism. To overcome this problem, slip control mechanism was developed in place of draft control mechanism. To facilitate the same, an accurate wheel slip measurement device was developed for 2WD tractors. The display unit of the device was installed near front panel of the tractor to provide proper guidance to the driver for controlling the depth of operation. This system can be easily installed on any make and model of 2WD tractors by uploading the rolling radii of the front and rear wheels through computer interface. The measuring efficiency of the slip meter was found to be 99.5% with a maximum error of 0.19%. The developed system was installed on a test tractor and the performance data indicated that the fuel consumption was reduced to about 21.3 %. The slip meter performed satisfactorily and the efficiency was found to be about 99.5%. There was a gain in tractive efficiency (4-10%) with slip control system over the existing draft control system. It was found that the soil conditions like soil moisture and soil salinity also played very important role in influencing slip parameters of the tractor tyres.

-The present paper throw light on the regional differentiation in male-female literacy and factors responsible for this differentiation. The secondary data used for this investigation has collected from census hand books of Dhule, Nandurbar,Jalgaon, Khargone and Barwani districts of the year 2001.Collected data was analysed and Sopher's (1974) disparity index was then used to determined the circles-wise male-female differentials in literacy in Western Satpura Region.Due to physiographic and social homogeneity high level of male-female differentials in literacy is observed in eleven administrative circles in the entire region.

Today modernization has made human life easier as most of the work is performed by the machines. The sedentary life style of man has reduced the efficiency of humans. The less working capacity of humans has caused many problems like weakness, illness, chronic diseases, etc. In past our ancestors were quite healthy and fit. The big reason was that they had to perform a lot of hard physical activity like running, walking, jumping etc. The level of physical fitness varies from person to person. It depends upon the nature of work, size, shape, structure, age, sex and adaptability of an individual. Different games require different levels of physical fitness depending upon the type of activity, event, games and sports. Physical fitness requires efficient motor mechanism (movement of body), efficient organic mechanism (physiological functioning) and efficient mental functioning (psychological set-up). Sixty subjects were selected from different Sports Club, Sports Academy and Shopkeeper from Bilaspur District, Chhattisgarh as sources of data. The purposive sampling method was applied to select 20 swimmers, 20 athletes and 20 Sedentary People for this study. The physiological variables were Hemoglobin percentage, Pulse Rate and Exhale capacity and Physical fitness variable were Arm and Shoulder Strength, Abdominal Strength, Explosive Strength, Agility, Endurance and Speed for this study. Result showed that there is significant difference in exhale capacity, Physical Fitness except hemoglobin percentage of swimmers, athlete and sedentary subjects.

Legal profession is one of the challenging profession in a present society. Now a day's every women are participating in all the fields of society. In this article, the experience of women, motivation to enter into the legal profession perceptions of women in legal profession, about their choice of legal profession perception of women lawyers, about their male counter parts and clients, the attitude of senior male lawyers towards women lawyers etc., have been discussed, with these concept the experience of women in legal profession is examined in this study, the study is based on empirical data (302 women lawyers) collected by researcher, from women lawyers practicing, in the twin city of Hubli-Dharwad of Karnataka State.

Globalization literally means international integration by the combination of economy, technology, socio cultural and political forces and to convert the people of world into a single society. This term very often used for economy Globalization and to promote National economy to international economy through trade, foreign direct investment, capital flow, migration and spread of technology. Liberalization which meant liberal economy promotes privatization and decentralization for its implementation as essential parts of Globalization for its success.

Clough has described that “The mentally tough individual has a high sense of self-belief and an unshakeable faith that they control their own destiny. Furthermore, they remain relatively unaffected by competition or adversity.” Jones, Hanton, & Connaughton (2002) said in their study that Mental toughness is "Having the natural or developed psychological edge that enables you to: generally, cope better than your opponents with the many demands (competition, training, lifestyle) that sport places on a performer; specifically, be more consistent and better than your opponents in remaining determined, focused, confident, and in control under pressure." Mental Toughness refers to an individual's resilience and an inner drive to succeed - particularly in the moment of challenging. Mental toughness is undoubtedly an important ingredient of athletic success; basically, sportsmen with mental toughness have the ability to raise their game to the highest level at crucial moments in a match.

This paper aims at exploring Gandhi's attitude to untouchables through the narrative of Mulk Raj Anand's Untouchable .As literary work and historical document interrogate and correlate each other in order to decipher History, I juxtapose B. R. Ambedkar's “what congress and Gandhi Have Done to the Untouchables” as a historical document and Anand's Untouchable as a literary work in order to interrogate and correlate each other.

Thus population Geography is a multidisciplinary sub branch analyzing population phenomena. The disparity in spatial development with reference to economy of the region is combined result of natural environment its resources, the existing demographic structure and spatial pattern of population of the region for the development of study region the population plaus an important role and works as essential part of the impacts. Growth of population is elements of population. These are important in the social, cultural economic industrial and agricultural development of the region It is the people that propel social progress, create social wealth, development of science and technology. Through from the human environment man being powerful geographical factor on the earth surface not only determines the economic pattern of sersouree utilization but itisa very dynamic and important recourse for the society. The analysis of different elements of population is as follows.

Globally the number of people with diabetes is increasing due to population growth, aging, urbanization, and increasing prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity. Quantifying the prevalence of diabetes and the number of people affected by diabetes, now and in the future is important to allow rational planning to control and prevent. India has long passed the stage of a diabetes epidemic. The problem has now reached, in scientific language, "pandemic" proportions. To put it simply, it has crossed the dividing line in which it is a problem associated with individuals, no matter how large this number may be, and is now a very large public health problem, growing astronomically year after year. To begin with, curry leaves are anti-oxidants, anti-diabetic, anti- microbial, anti-inflammatory, and protect from various diseases cutting the risk of cancer plus lowering the risk of diabetes by stimulate the pancreas for secretion of insulin, prevention and control of diabetes. The commonly used spice curry patter (Murrayakoenigii) is traditionally consumed by diabetics in southern part of India. The curry leaves could control the amount of glucose entering the bloodstream. Similarly Tulasi leaves also are effective in treatment for diabetes by reducing blood glucose levels and significant reduction in total cholesterol levels. It acts as antioxidant, antibacterial, ant diabetic, antiviral, adaptogenic, and immune enhancing properties. Keeping this in view, the present study was designed to investigate the beneficial effect of the leaves of Murrayakoenigii and Ocimum Sanctum leaves on diabetes. The study revealed that there is a significant change in the FBS, PPBS and Lipid profiles of subjects who were supplemented with food mix (Curry leaves powder and Tulasi leaves powder). Hence it can be concluded that adequate intake of curry leaves powder and Tulasi leaves powder. The diet has impact on FBS, PPBS peak and lipid profile there is a 1 percent level of significance.

-I should have expected some provision whereby it would have been possible for the state to make economic, social and political justice a reality and I should have from that point of view expected the resolution to state in most explicitly terms that in order that there may be social and economic justice in the country, that there would be nationalization of industry and land, I do not understand how it could be possible for any future government which believes in doing justice socially, economically and politically unless its economy is a socialist economy.

The rising popularity of the reality shows on Indian television has added a new dimension to the production of TV programs. Most of the television shows which are being telecast nowadays are reality shows specializing in dancing, singing, and acting. Today's reality shows are rewriting our cultural scripts, altering our perception, our social relationships and our relationships to the natural world. In this descriptive study, the researcher has found that people are really fond of watching reality shows which range from cookery to talent hunt and comedy show types. Majority of the respondents, however, felt that these types of shows are often scripted for increasing TRPs and increasing financial and commercial success. Major drivers for watching reality shows are break from routine, controversies, glamour and entertainment. However, most of the people were not still holding any views whether such types of reality shows make any sort of impact on the society.

The rising popularity of the reality shows on Indian television has added a new dimension to the production of TV programs. Most of the television shows which are being telecast nowadays are reality shows specializing in dancing, singing, and acting. Today's reality shows are rewriting our cultural scripts, altering our perception, our social relationships and our relationships to the natural world. In this descriptive study, the researcher has found that people are really fond of watching reality shows which range from cookery to talent hunt and comedy show types. Majority of the respondents, however, felt that these types of shows are often scripted for increasing TRPs and increasing financial and commercial success. Major drivers for watching reality shows are break from routine, controversies, glamour and entertainment. However, most of the people were not still holding any views whether such types of reality shows make any sort of impact on the society.

: Background subtraction is a very popular approach for vehicle detection in traffic surveillance systems. A conventional color histogram (CCH) considers neither the color similarity across different bins nor the color dissimilarity in the same bin. Therefore, it is sensitive to noisy interference such as illumination changes and quantization errors. Furthermore, CCHs large dimension or histogram bins requires large computation on histogram comparison. However, structured motion patterns of the background (e.g., Vehicular traffic videos, waving leaves, spouting fountain, rippling water, etc.), which are distinctive from variations due to noise, are hardly tolerated in this assumption. To address these concerns, we introduce a background subtraction algorithm for temporally dynamic texture scenes. Specifically, we propose to adopt a clustering-based feature, called fuzzy color histogram (FCH), which has an ability of greatly attenuating color variations generated by background motions while still highlighting moving objects. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective for background subtraction in dynamic texture scenes using LFCH features with adaptive updating procedure compared to several competitive methods proposed in the literature.

In this dynamic world, women entrepreneurs are a significant part of the global expedition for sustained economic development and social progress. Due to the growing industrialization, urbanization, social legislation and along with the spread of higher education and awareness, the emergence of Women owned businesses are highly increasing in the economies of almost all countries. After over 6 decades of Independence and Industrialization in our country, still large portion i.e., 28.9% of population remains under poverty line in India. Agriculture continues to be the back bone of rural society. In this situation Entrepreneurship especially women entrepreneurship can play an important role in rural development.

This paper dwells on issues of Naxalism, through prism of socio-legal perspective. It is divided into three parts and tries to give an extensive overview of the complex issue of the Naxalite conflict. The first part deals with the history of the movement by describing its origin and development until today. Part two deals with the strategy and actions of the Naxalites and sets its focus on the root causes. The final and the third part covers the state's responses and the limitations of the state in the embattled regions.

Information now plays a vital part in the lives of individuals, organizations and institutions and information literacy is the key to the optimum use of information. In spite of the vital importance of literacy in terms of its benefits for individuals, communities and nations, a vast number of people remain illiterate. While progress has been made over the past 60 years towards achieving universal literacy, the poorest and most marginalized groups of people have yet to be reached. In 1958, in an attempt to provide a simple definition that would enable the comparison of international data on literacy levels, the united Nations Educational, Scientific and cultural Organization (UNESCO) defined a literate person is, one who can “read and write, with understanding, a short simple statement about his or her everyday life” 1. According to this view of literacy, people were divided into two distinct categories: literate and illiterate. Later, recognition of the diversity of needs of learners led to the identification of a range of literacy levels. Following this shift, assessment of literacy focused on determining whether people have a level of literacy adequate for their needs. It became clear that literacy campaigns must be more than merely about the acquisition of technical skills and need to also take into account the context and motivations of learners. This new understanding of literacy led to the idea of “functional literacy”. A definition for this was suggested in 1978 as follows: “A person is functionally literate who can engage in all those activities in which literacy is required for effective functioning of his (or her) group and community and also for enabling him (or her) to continue to use reading, writing and calculations for his own and the community's development.”

Information now plays a vital part in the lives of individuals, organizations and institutions and information literacy is the key to the optimum use of information. In spite of the vital importance of literacy in terms of its benefits for individuals, communities and nations, a vast number of people remain illiterate. While progress has been made over the past 60 years towards achieving universal literacy, the poorest and most marginalized groups of people have yet to be reached. In 1958, in an attempt to provide a simple definition that would enable the comparison of international data on literacy levels, the united Nations Educational, Scientific and cultural Organization (UNESCO) defined a literate person is, one who can “read and write, with understanding, a short simple statement about his or her everyday life” 1. According to this view of literacy, people were divided into two distinct categories: literate and illiterate. Later, recognition of the diversity of needs of learners led to the identification of a range of literacy levels. Following this shift, assessment of literacy focused on determining whether people have a level of literacy adequate for their needs. It became clear that literacy campaigns must be more than merely about the acquisition of technical skills and need to also take into account the context and motivations of learners. This new understanding of literacy led to the idea of “functional literacy”. A definition for this was suggested in 1978 as follows: “A person is functionally literate who can engage in all those activities in which literacy is required for effective functioning of his (or her) group and community and also for enabling him (or her) to continue to use reading, writing and calculations for his own and the community's development.”

Unorganized sector constitutes major employment in India. As the name indicates it is unorganized and as such, the different aspects such as working hours, wages, nature of work, etc are not fixed in unorganized sector. Women constitute more than half of the workers in unorganized sector. The women working in unorganized sector are exploited, discriminated and even sexually harassed by their employers as they are weaker gender and they fear loss of job. Many of the problems faced by the women working in unorganized sector and they include lower wages, wage discrimination, gender discrimination, exploitation, harassment, long hours of work, etc. As such, it is observed that human rights of working women in unorganized sector are violated. Many international agencies such as United Nations have emphasized equality among all and protection of women and children through human rights. Indian Constitution also stressed for equal human rights. The paper described on human rights and related issues pertaining to women working in unorganized sector.

The present study was conducted to examine the students' opinion towards environmental education at secondary level in Hissar district. Random sampling was used to select the participants. A sample of 100 students studying in class 10th has been taken from the schools containing 52 male and 48 female students. A self made questionnaire containing 24 items were used to collect data. Data was analysed through t-test. It was observed that opinion towards most of statements of male and female students differ significantly. Male students have higher mean value in comparison to female students indicating that agreement towards stopping migration of people from rural to urban areas and sensitivity towards environmental problems is significantly higher than the latter. For rest of the statements opinion of male and female students do not differ significantly.

Working capital is the life blood and nerve center of business. Working capital is very essential to maintain smooth running of a business. No business can run successfully without an adequate amount of working capital. Liquidity functions of a firm are related to the working capital management. Working capital management is concerned with the problems that arise in attempting to manage the current assets, the current liabilities and the interrelationship, that exists between them. The term current assets refer to those assets which in the ordinary course of business can be, or will be, converted into cash within one year without undergoing a elimination in value and without disrupting the operations of the firm. The major current assets are cash, marketable securities, accounts receivable and inventory. Current liabilities are those liabilities which are intended, at their inception, to be paid in the ordinary course of business, within a year, out of the current assets or earning of the concern. The basic current liabilities are accounts payable, bills payable, bank overdraft and outstanding expenses. The goal of working capital management is to manage the firm's current assets and liabilities in such a way that a satisfactory level of working capital is maintained. This is so because if the firm cannot maintain a satisfactory level of working capital, it is likely to become insolvent and may even be forced into bankruptcy

Mechanisms are designed for desired output or required performance for specified input. Error in link length and joint clearance results in variation in the performance of mechanism. Machines are consisting of mechanism for their successful operations. The link length inaccuracies are due to no. of factors like machining errors deflection of link, clearances in joint etc. Due to manufacturing defects & clearances, the link length varies. This variation in link length causes variations in designed performance of mechanism. In this paper a simple class I four bar mechanism is analyzed, assuming that links are rigid. Design engineer wants tight tolerances for accurate performance; while on other hand manufacturing engineer prefer loose tolerances. This paper proposes an approach to identify the effect of change in link length on the performance of the mechanism, using relative velocity method.

-The shift from print to digital information has a high impact on all components of the academic library system in India especially the users, services and the staff, Though information is considered as an important resources, the usage of ICT tools to collect and disseminate information has been in a slow pace in majority of the University libraries. This may due to various factors like insufficient funds, inadequate staff trained in handling computers and software packages, administrative concerns etc. The aim of the study is to assess whether the developments in information communication technologies have any influence on the library professional development, and the need for further education and training in the profession and evaluate their skills in handling developments in ICT. Library Professionals have a positive approach towards ICT applications and services in Libraries, but majority do not have the opportunity to develop their skills and competencies in their work environment. To develop competitive personnel in a technologically advanced world, high priority must be given to develop competence in ICT applications, library management and soft skills in library professionals, by the University administrators and Library associations.

India is undergoing rapid nutritional transition, resulting in excess consumption of calories, saturated fats, simple sugars, salt and low intake of fiber. Such dietary transition and a sedentary lifestyle have led to an increase in obesity and diet related non-communicable diseases like cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder where the body cannot utilize the glucose partially or completely. Diet plays a major role in controlling diabetes. Carbohydrates are one of the three main nutrients in the diet, the others being protein and fat. The main objective of the study is to establish the effect of split breakfast and consuming foods which are low in GI helps lowering Postprandial Blood Sugar (PPBS) levels. Jenkins D.J et al.,(1981) An important priority for food and meal planning is the total amount of carbohydrates that the person with diabetes chooses to have for meals or snacks. Meal timing, correct portion sizes and healthy food choices are the keys to controlling blood sugar levels. Keeping this in view the present study was conducted on diabetic subjects whose PPBS level is very high due to irregular meal pattern. Diet counseling on the importance of split breakfast, was given. Minimizing carbohydrate at breakfast and shifting it to the mid morning snack, selecting low GI foods showed a positive impact in controlling PPBS Levels the above study revealed that there is a significant decrease in the PPBS levels in those, who followed split breakfast. Hence it can be concluded that adequate intake of carbohydrate and split breakfast has impact on PPBS peak.

In the present study an attempt is made to compare the attitude of insurers and non-insurers towards health insurance. A total of 401 respondents (200 insured and 201 non-insured) were selected for the study through random sampling technique. They were administered a structures questionnaire on attitude towards health insurance by the authors. The data collection was done in and around the city of Mysore. Data were subjected to contingency coefficient analysis to find out the association between respondent groups and their responses. Results revealed that on the whole we find that insurers had favorable attitude towards health insurance than non-insurers. In individual areas like availability, time spent, expenditure and treatment issues also those with health insurance were more favorable compared to non-insurers. Lastly, importance of health insurance in Indian context has been delineated.

-Cropping intensity means the ratio of Net Area Sown to the Gross Cropped Area. There are only two ways to satisfy the increasing food and other agricultural demands of country's rising population; either expanding the net area under cultivation or intensify cropping over the existing area. The net sown area of the country has risen by about 20 % since independence and has reached a point where it is not possible to make any appreciable increase. Thus; raising the cropping intensity is the only viable option left. Thus, higher cropping intensity means that a higher portion of the net area is being cropped more than once during one agriculture year. During triennium of 1991-93, the index of intensity of cropping for the study area as a whole is 107.65 per cent. Shirpur tahsil has the highest cropping intensity of 15.46 per cent, followed by Akkalkuwa 110.09 per cent and Taloda tahsil 110.39 per cent. During 2001–03, index of cropping intensity were 104.27 per cent. Shahada tahsil has the highest cropping intensity of 107.96 per cent, followed by Shindkheda tahsil 106.38 per cent and Shirpur tahsil 104.60 per cent. It shows declined in cropping intensity during investigation period. In general, higher the crop concentration index, higher is the level of interest in the production of that crop. Here only those irrigated crops have been analyse whose index value is 1.00 and more than 1.00 for the period of triennium 2001-03.

Accordingly to the Indian Partnership Law, a partnership is the relationship between persons who have agreed to share the profits of a business carried on by all or any of them acting for all. The Income Tax Law1 in India recognizes a general partnership firm as a separate tax entity for charge of income tax on the income of the firm. A general partnership firm is eligible for deduction of payments to its partners which includes remuneration paid to its working partners based on book profits of the firm and interest paid to the partners on the amounts invested by them in the business of the firm subject to maximum specified limits. While calculating the taxable income of the individual partners, the amount of remuneration and interest so allowed as a deduction to the firm is taxable as income in the hands of the individual partners of firm.

Ever since the formulation of Indian Constitution, special emphasis has been laid on the development of Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes in India. An exhaustive review of nearly sixty years of planned effort to develop the scheduled tribes from their subsistence economy to a self-sufficient standard of living through a variety of development programs under tribal sub plan approach brings out a very dismal picture about the successfulness of the governmental programs at the macro level. The increased investment and change induced by numerous tribal development programs have helped the tribals but marginally, which is neither in commensurate with the needs of the tribals on the one hand and the money spent on the other. While the unsatisfactory performance of tribal development programs in the past have been mainly due to inadequate appreciation of general apathy towards problems of tribal people and their areas but the unresponsive institutional arrangements, indifferent and inefficient administrative system and the manner in which it implements or administers the development programs, the personnel and the role they play in tribal development, misuse of given funds, lack of proper understanding of tribal culture, their social structure, customs, traditions and values together have contributed to such failure. With this perspective in mind the present study was carried out in Daringbadi block of kandhamal district of Odisha by taking it as a case study during the conduction of the research study on “Tribal Development Through Institutional Arrangement in Daringbadi block, Kandhamal District, Odisha. The main objective of the study was to explore the dynamics of tribal development institutions and programs so as to find out the forces and factors that affect the functioning of the institutions and programs either helping or hindering the process of development. The study was carried out to examine various important segments of the programmes being implemented by the Government to provide an insight whether the programmes are being executed on the desired lines. While the analysis of the issues presented above was made on the basis of primary data collected from the field from a variety of respondents, a critical analysis of the approaches and policies and plains and programs was made on the basis of the secondary data collected from a variety of sources. The structure and processes of tribal development administration were analysed in the specific context of block, district as well as state of Odisha. Some of the findings of the study has been presented in this article.

The writing of Indian Woman Writer in English Literature is recognized and praised by the world wide reader. Well author and great poetess Sarojini Naidu paved the way to the woman writing. This great poetess charmed the readers with her writing. The Indian writers in English are writing, not in their native language but in a second language and resultant trans cultural character of their texts.

-Poor rural people in India are defenseless to a diversity of risks and constraints that slow down their socio- economic development. weather conditions risk, in exacting, is enveloping in agriculture. Weather shocks can catch farmers and households in deficiency, but the risk of shocks also restrictions the readiness of farmers to invest in events that might increase their production and get better their economic condition. Nonetheless, farmal and informal croping procedures have been developeed at farmer, community market and government levels. This paper for the discusses the insurarce yield that can permit weather conditions linked risk to be insured in India, where conventional agricultral insurace may not alwaya be feasible. Insurace operates best where it forms part of an integrated come up to to risk management, where constraints such as not have of access to finace, superior seed, inputs and markets can be addresed. As such it is important to appreciate that have worldwide function. Its applicability desires to be careful in context, through case by case appraisal,

The piezomagnetic-ferrite and piezoelectric-ferroelectric Magnetoelectric (ME) composites with composition (1-x) Ni Cu Zn Fe O + (x) BaTiO in which x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1 mol were prepared by 0.5 0.3 0.2 2 4 3 conventional solid state reaction. The presence of constituent phases in the composites was confirmed by x-ray diffraction studies. The hysteresis behavior was studied to understand the magnetic properties such as saturation magnetization and magnetic moment B. The magnetic properties of above mentioned composites were investigated by using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) at room temperature

-In this modern world we believe Science more than God. My inner soul tells me that there are great scientific miracles behind Hindu religion. So with my extra sensory perception I started my analysis. Finally I write my own findings and submit before you all. I can challenge that the results of my predictions will one day come true. Please go through this thesis and recognize me if you think this is worthful.

Conspicuous micropulsations in the auroral zones with periods from 0.03 to 10 seconds have been studied using data obtained by the Pacific Naval Laboratory and Stanford University during January 1961. For periods less than 0.3 second bursts of oscillations frequently occur superimposed on the background level of ELF noise. These bursts are considered to be of extra-atmospheric origin because of their conjugate relationships. For periods between 0.3 and 10 seconds four typical classes are defined: (1) Burstlike micropulsations, with quite a wide range of frequencies, which appear at the onset of a polar storm or bay (noise burst). (2) Pearl, beating-type micropulsations, occurring intermittently so that they form separate bunches (PP). (3) Continuous micropulsations, typically found in the forenoon, with periods from 0.3 to 3 seconds (CPsp). (4) Continuous micropulsations, typically found in the afternoon, with periods from 3 to 10 seconds (CPlp). Not every polar storm or bay is accompanied by noise bursts. Noise bursts are found only at the onset of polar storms or bays occurring around or before local midnight. Separate bunches of pearl, beating-type micropulsations are attributed to a bouncing agent whose bouncing period of a few minutes can be determined from the time lag of their occurrences in conjugate areas. If the agent repeatedly excites micropulsations, they are continuous, although sometimes a correlation analysis between conjugate points indicates a bouncing period similar to that of PP. Possible physical mechanisms are suggested for these four classes of micropulsations. A significant summer time micropulsation band at 4sec period is revealed in the several years of continuous micropulsation recording at College. The band contains mainly Pc-type activity, but is also seen in certain weak Pi 1 bursts. A small diurnal variation in band mid period was observed, with periods near 4 sec in day and near 3 sec at night. The 4-sec events are usually less well structured than higher frequency pearl-type events, and the frequency-time elements are often irregularly spaced. The possibility exists that the 4-sec band is due to the principal exospheric resonance.

In the recent years large scale strenuous floods have been observed in the India. Floods are among the most disturbing natural hazards in the India. National and International organizations makes a top policy management of flood. In the present research paper an attempt has been made to suggest integrated flood control management plan by selecting Satara district of Maharashtra as case study.Present research approach is utilized as a long term water disaster management in the study region. These integrated plan to changes in the study region of land use land cover pattern, nature complex, region variation, achieved high quality to extent, water imbalances, environmental crises and its future prediction. These help in planning and development of sustainable land for use. To generate integrated flood control management plan using GIS and RS cell for the Satara district.

-Root rot disease of maize (zae mays L) caused by the highly virulent strain of Aspergillus niger and Fusairum graminearam . The very important plant disease in India and other countries. Maize seeds infected by seed-borne fungi have been reported to produce seed abortion, reduced seed size, seed rot, seed necrosis, seed discoloration, reduce seed germination capacity and physiological alternation of seed. Biological control represents an attractive alternative for the future because for the many concern about the pesticides use. Ideally, an agent of biological control of fungal root pathogens should exert a sufficient amount of antagonistic activity in the rhizosphere to significantly reduce root disease symptoms. Paenibacillus polymyxa is known to produce antibiotic compounds and inoculation with Paenibacillus polymyxa suppressing several plant pathogens.

The success of library services depends upon the quality of service rendered to the users. Library service is distinct from library hoardings it is the managerial and administrative skill that brings forth the quality of services The term quality is comparative it is difficult to define in definite terms However the quality of service given in the libraries depends on the library hoardings and other infrastructure made available to the users.

The success of library services depends upon the quality of service rendered to the users. Library service is distinct from library hoardings it is the managerial and administrative skill that brings forth the quality of services The term quality is comparative it is difficult to define in definite terms However the quality of service given in the libraries depends on the library hoardings and other infrastructure made available to the users.

The present paper deals with the study of the socio-economic analysis of van- rickshaw puller (manual) in rural areas and to find out their socio- economic, living conditions, and income structure. The adverse effects of this profession on the health of the van- rickshaw pullers, the problems faced by them and their remedial measures have been also taken into consideration. The study is based on primary data collected through the field survey and direct questionnaire to the respondents in Mathabhanga Block (No. 1), Cooch Behar District, West Bengal, India. The survey was carried out during the months of november and december, 2012. The overall analysis of the study reveals that the van- rickshaw pullers in rural areas are one of the poorest sections of the society, living in abject poverty but play a pivotal role in intra-rural and rural- urban transportation system. Neither is their working environment regulated nor their social security issues are addressed. Their education level is very poor. It have been found that out of total population of sample household the 26.79 percent are literate population where 53.90 percent are female and 46.10 percent male persons. They are unaware about the governmental schemes launched for poverty alleviation and their accessibility in basic amenities and infrastructural facilities is also very poor.

Women, the societal half, have always undergone changes in their position in society due different factors. This paper presents the information about the historical position of women, position of women during the medieval period and the present position of women. It tried to give glimpse of what has been done and is being done by the state to have a meaningful and significant position for women in the Indian society. It further places for the consideration of the readers, what are the current issues and problems with regard to the Indian women. The international and national efforts for the all round empowerment of women has also been presented here. The deteriorating social position due to inhuman treatment and all sorts of violence against women is also presented in the paper. We all may need to initiate thinking at all the level as to what needs to be done to improve the position of women and give them the space to realize their full potentials.

Libraries have always set an example in experimenting with new technology developments, whether it is automation or adopting other information and communication technologies to improve their services. This paper presents an outline of the application and use of developments in mobile telecommunication systems, web technologies (internet/intranet) and geographic systems like GPS/GPRS to provide ubiquitous, user-friendly, personalized and dynamic up to date information services to library users. This new technology will be of great help to libraries towards strengthening their relationship and providing enhanced user experience to existing users. Libraries may well reach out to the new/remote users who were considered unlikely to connect because of absence of a medium. This should be adopted in compliance with the information security policies and standards of the parent organization.

-Everyone needs information about everything in day-to-day life. People, right from the organizational level to the personal level, from the highly educated and experienced person to school children, require information for taking the right decision for everything in life. Access to information is generally recognized as contributing significantly to the efficiency of any organization. In an era of networked information, 'internet', the largest worldwide network of networks, has emerged as the most powerful tool for instant access to information. Information is now just a 'finger touch' distance away from the user and it would be appropriate to say that the internet has become the global bibliotheque which provides the fastest access to the right kind of information in nano-seconds of time to the end-user at any time, and at any place in the world. Jackson, et al. (2011) remarked that internet plays an active role in education through its easy availability to everyone, everywhere, and at any time, irrespective of gender, race/ethnicity, income or other socio-demographic characteristics. Today, the internet is regarded as the central resource for knowledge and information. Thus, the Internet is a vital tool that will propel University and College education to greater heights as the world moves further into the knowledge-based society. With the sample 1151 final year post graduates have been taken for this study and stratified random sampling method was adopted. The objectives of the study were to find out the percentage of Internet Awareness and Internet Accessibility on Internet Usage among the post graduate students. Hence, the present study was aimed to study the internet usage among the post graduate students in Coimbatore District.

Indian agriculture plays a pivotal role in economic development of the country. This study has been undertaken with the objective of examining the performance and challenges of the Indian agricultural sector and to evaluate the programmes and policies of this sector. The agricultural sector has potential to create economic growth in rural areas by creating job opportunities in food processing industries by bringing agricultural products to the consumer and by providing support to service sector. In this paper the performance of agricultural sector has been analysed with supporting data. As per advance estimates released by CSO on February 2013, agriculture and allied sector are estimated to grow at 1.8% during 2012-2013 as against 3.6% during the last year. The agricultural export as a percentage of GDP increased from 1.6% in 2007-2008 to 2.2% in 2011-2012. The agricultural imports as a percentage of GDP also increased from 0.9% to 1.3%. Frequent changes in export policy measures create a situation of uncertainty and undermine credibility of the country as a reliable source of agricultural products for exports. The government has launched a number of programmes for increasing production of agricultural commodities. For the past decade the performance of agricultural sector has not been impressive. We need policies for crop diversification generation of non farm opportunities in rural areas and development of agro-based industries. Some more policies have been suggested. There is a growing concern for launching a second green revolution in the country

Climate change is generally defined as the long term significant change in the average weather condition of a specific region or zone over an appropriately significant period of time. The fourth assessment report th of IPCC reported that the average global temperature has increased by 0.6°C over 20 century and projected will be 1.8-4.0°C by 2100s (IPCC, 2007). The globally averaged surface temperature is projected to increase by 1.4°C to 5.8°C over the period 1990 to 2100 (IPCC, 2013). Conclusion of various studies shows that the surface temperature in India was increased with considerable regional variations i.e. 0.5 to 0.6°C during 1901-2005 and the projected will be 2-5°C by 2100s. Climate change, whether driven by natural or human activities, can lead to changes in the likelihood of the occurrence or strength of extreme weather and climate events. The weather pattern have become more extreme, with more frequent and more intense in rainfall events, subsequent floods and prolonged droughts i.e. the intensity and frequency of hydro-meteorological hazards has increased. Climate change has the potential to impact the hydrological cycle and subsequently the hydro-meteorological disasters. The vulnerability and associated risks in North-Western parts of India are increasing as over 90% of natural disasters in this region are hydro-meteorological in origin. The paper highlights the climate change and its impact on hydro-meteorological hazards in NW India. The paper also suggest various mitigation and adaptation strategies to cope with impacts of climate change on hydro-meteorological disasters such as capacity building and increasing resiliency among vulnerable communities along with adoption of sustainable development approach.

Poverty continues to be a major problem remaining a hurdle in the process of growth and development in developing and under developing countries. Among the human resources, Small farmers, Marginal farmers, Landless agricultural labors, Non-farm casual workers as well as Women and children's by and large constitute the majority of the poor. Out of 1.3 billion poor in the world, 900 million are poor women. (Kaushik Surendra k, Rengarajan V, 2010, p. 135). Actually women and men are equally important for the growth and development of individual and social lives. According to swami Vivekanand, “There is no chance for the welfare of the world unless the condition of women is improved. Ravindranath Tagore says that, “Women is the builder and nobler of nations destiny. Though delicate and soft as lily, she has a heart, for stronger and bolder than of man… She is supreme inspiration of man's onward march.”(Bharathmma G U, 2005, p-1) So, if the purpose of economic development is to improve life-style of people, to annihilate poverty, to render business with respect, so the kind of development should always start with women, it is most acceptable. Because more than others women become victim of poverty, unemployment, social and economic disparity as well as poverty and hungriness are more important to women than men. (Mahumod Yunus, 2007, p-132).

-The present study was carried out to determine the relationship between study habits and academic achievement of secondary level students. This study was conducted on a sample of 515 students, selected from different secondary schools of Punjab state by using random sampling technique. The result indicates that students with different academic achievement differ significantly on their study habits.

-The neuronal pas domain protein 4 (npas4) is a neuronal activity dependant gene that has recently been identified as a transcription factor which regulates the transcription of genes that control inhibitory synapse development and synaptic plasticity. The role of npas4 is in learning and memory, however 3D structure of npas4 is unknown . The prediction of protein structure from purely sequenced data and improvement of homology modelling tools has benefited in modelling novel proteins. Hence, this approach was used to model the structure of unmodelled protein npas4. Here the protein structure was built manually, following each steps from alignment to loop modelling to refinement using insight II. Another homology modeling tool, Modeller 9.11 was used to compare the results from Insight II. It was concluded that model from Modeller 9.11 produced a better model when compared to Insight II due to the manual approach in Insight II when compared to automatic modelling in Modeller 9.11.

In this paper, we have touched upon all key areas that concern the phenomena and its effects on the economic health of various countries and the world as a whole. This study is particularly relevant in today's world as the global economy grapples with the after-effects of a recession, and inflationary pressures being felt in a majority of nations across the world

Globalization forces countries to open their market for foreign investors. As business crosses the boundaries, there arises a need for some commonly accepted and applicable financial reporting standards for the companies. Now as the world globalize, it has become imperative for India to make a format strategy for convergence with IFRS with the objective to harmonize with globally accepted accounting standards. But to cope with convergence of Indian accounting standards with IFRS, we need to address several regulatory and institutional issues which might impede smooth transition to IFRS. This paper is an attempt to explore the regulatory and institutional issues needing immediate attention of policy makers and to make some recommendation to withstand this challenge.

This investigation was conducted to study the effect of dark pretreatment with different thermal ○ ○ conditions (32±2 C or 22±2 C), explant type and growth regulator concentrationson callus production and regeneration of Momordicacharantia. Explants cultured on MS medium contained different concentrations of plant growth regulators with Gamborg's vitamins.All explants that were exposed to dark at 32±2 ○C showedthe highest ○ callus percentage compared to the cultures exposed to dark at 22±2 C.MS medium contained 0.5 mg/l TDZ + 1.5 mg/l NAA with Gamborg's vitamins showed to be the effective medium for callus induction. Data indicated that both cotyledons and hypocotyls gave the highest percentage of callus formation after one week of incubation at dark. Moreover cotyledons, hypocotyls and physiological base cultured on MS medium contained 0.50 mg/l TDZ+ 1.50 mg/l NAA or 1.50 mg/l TDZ+ 0.5 mg/l NAA+ 0.60 mg/l AgNO3 with Gamborg's vitamins and exposed to dark ○ pretreatment for one week at 32±2 C gave the highest callus percentage. Data detected three weeks after ○ transferringall cultures to 27±2 C under 16h photoperiod. As for regeneration, physiological base and root which ○ exposed to dark pretreatmentat 32±2 C gave the best performance for shoot formation compared to explants ○ cultured at 27±2 C under 16 h photoperiod without dark pretreatment. Data clearly indicated that highest percentage of shoot formation was obtained with physiological base cultured on MS medium contained 1.5 mg/l BA with Gamborg's vitamins. While root cultured on MS medium contained 4mg/lBA + 2 mg/l Kin with Gamborg's vitamins significantly increased shoot formation percentage. In that concern, negative results were detected with leaf, cotyledons or hypocotyl cultured on all medium compositions used in this investigation.

This paper analyses the definition of 'enterprise' as defined under the Competition Act, 2002. It highlights that only business entities are not considered as an enterprise but revenue generating organisations including National Sports Federations fall under the purview of definition of an 'enterprise'. The author attempts to explain this with the help of the BCCI case study, a recent case decided by the Competition Commission of India. This paper also throws light on the factors that determine the dominant position and the abuse of the said dominant position.

The performance characteristic for hydro power station is highly used for operating the machine in its safety operation and to avoid the Cavitation phenomenon in their turbines and plant units. In this paper, a GUI program is designed for the performance diagram and the discharge rate for Dokan hydro power station using Visual basic. A MATLAB code is written and compiled to be worked as an execution file called by the GUI without opening MATLAB program. For this regards, curve fitting technique is used for finding the polynomial equations of the curves for performance and discharge rate using two and three-dimension visualization. Economic study is significant factor for each station; hence, a case study of comparison between the units economically is illustrated. Also, an equation is derived and plotted for modelling the high volume relationship for Dokan reservoir.

The study investigated teachers' emotional intelligence as a correlate of students' self-efficacy belief and achievement motivation in Enugu state, Nigeria. The design of the study was a Correlational descriptive survey. The population was 9121 Senior Secondary 11 (SS11) teachers and 20634 SS11 students in the (278) public secondary schools in Enugu State, Nigeria. Sample of 828 students and 116 teachers were drawn through simple random stratified and purposive sampling techniques. Four research questions and three hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study. Three instruments were used for data collection. One of the instruments was an eighteen-item questionnaire named Self Efficacy Questionnaire (SEQ) adapted from Sherer, Maddux, Mercandante, Prentice-Dunn, Jacobs and Rogers (1982). The second instrument was a 21-item researcher developed named students' achievement motivation scale (SAMS). The third was a 24-item instrument named Teachers' Emotional Intelligence Scale (TEIS), adapted from Winters (2013). The face validation of the instruments were assured by three experts in Educational foundations, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Data for research question 1 was answered using mean and standard deviation, whereas data for research questions 2-4 were analyzed using pearson r and R-square. The hypotheses were tested using linear regression analysis at 0.05 level of significance. It was found that teachers' emotional intelligence significantly correlates with students' achievement motivation and self-efficacy belief. Based on the findings, of the study, the researchers recommended among others that, the government, ministry of education, school administrators and the employer of teachers should provide good working conditions such as a condicive staff room for adequately lesson preperation as this will help teachers to be motivated in their interaction with students and to reduce teacher attrition or frustration from the profession.

A rose is still a rose even when it loses a petal. A tree may lose some leaves, but it is still useful. Likewise, a human being can still be useful despite the loss of a physical faculty. Helen Keller says that the most unfortunate person in society is one who has sight but no vision. In order to understand the abilities of person with disabilities, one needs to have a broad vision of humanistic values. An inclusive society needs the support of parents, teachers, professionals and other community members. The term differently abled chidren has replaced disabled children, because each individual is bestowed with some or the other potentialities. But, to understand the concept of disability the definition given by the American Heritage Dictionary of English Language can be examined, “a disadvantage or deficiency, especially a physical or mental impairment that interferes with or prevent normal achievement in a particular area or something that hinders or incapacitates”. The present paper tries to find out the population of disabled people in India in different disability categories. A mention of disability services in India during pre independence era, post independence era, DPEP. It is well known fact that the schools have an important role to play for training of differently abled children and the onus is rested with the government to take up new initiatives. The schemes like SSA have played an important role for education of this group in the present times. The paper attempts to explore services improvement of integrated education taken up under SSA and attempts to give objectives, scope, and intervention etc. This will be of great help for policy makers and planner as they are working for universalisation of elementary education, which could not be attend without educating this group.

-Women are an important human resource of the nation and every state should try to utilize them as mediators of economic growth and development. Encouragement for women entrepreneurship particularly in rural is one of the ways for that. But unfortunately it is seen that the traditional mind set of the society and the negligence of the state and respective authorities is important obstacles in the rural women entrepreneurship development in India. A major objective of this article is to identify the various problems faced by rural women entrepreneurship in the Karaikal district of Puducherry (UT) and to present suggestion for the betterment of rural women entrepreneurs in the study area.

-'The Tempest' is believed to have been written by Shakespeare late in the Year 1610 and is regarded as Shakespeare's last complete play. One of the pleasant characters of the piece is Gonzalo, the witty and loyal courtier. There is nothing heroic about him. He would not refuse to carry out the design against Prospero and Miranda which was entrusted to his execution, but made a compromise with his natural Kindness of heart by doing them a timely service and the same kindness is seen in his efforts to comfort Alonso. Forgiveness and freedom are the keynotes of the play and Gonzalo is an honest old counsellor who cherishes the dream of republic. His dream of Republic comprises of establishment of an ideal society. A society in which there would be no work to be done by anybody, and in which there would be no industry, no agriculture, no crime, no wealth and no poverty. Further in his Republic there would be no need for the use of swords or daggers or guns or any other weapons of war. All the men and women would be idle, and the women would be innocent and pure. There would be no sovereignty. Gonzalo's description of his ideal Republic is certainly absurd.

-'Economists' have been targeted for their unrealistic models which failed to predict the arrival of crisis and also which failed to reduce the aftermath of such crises, since early 20th century, be it the Great Depression of 1930s or the recent Global Financial Crisis of 2008. Research being undertaken in Economics, plus the way in which the subject is taught in Universities and put into to practice by the professional 'Economists' are being severely criticised from all possible corners of the civic society. One such major criticism movement was initiated by students from Universities of France, which was famously known as Post –Autistic Movement, in June 2000 by broadcasting an Open Letter addressing the Professors and those responsible for teaching. The sources of their discontentment were the uncontrolled use of mathematics, unrealistic assumptions and the imaginary world in the discourse of Economics. So in this background, an attempt has been made in this paper to document these recent developments in the field of Economics. The paper is structured in three sections. The first section will cover the introduction, financial crisis and evolution of consequent economic thoughts, followed by a brief note on the important issues aroused in Post Autistic Movement in the second section; further in the third and last section article will be concluded stating the need for re-thinking economics through a multidisciplinary approach in studying economics. This paper is one of the amateur documents and maiden attempt in Indian economic literature which is believed to be 'Food for Thought' for researchers and academicians.

-Globalization of financial market & increasing risk bearing capacity among Global investors has given a birth to any new generation of financial intermediaries like the Private equity (PE), with the subsequent regulatory changes & financial innovations motivated the growth of alternative asset class like PE. Many countries, including India, limited the free flow of foreign money till the early 1990s. The foreign money flows since 1990s can be attributed to greater amalgamation among international financial markets, expansion in information technology and the rising interest in EMEs among FIIs in the form of private equity funds (PE) and hedge funds. As PE flows are a source of non-debt creating capital in the economy, many Economy of Emerging Markets (EMEs) has been challenging with each other to get such Fund flows by diluting investment regulations or by providing economical benefits. The present study examines the effects of PE net flows in Indian Economy considering variable like GDP on factor Cost(CGF), IIP, WPI, weighted average call money interest rates (CMR), foreign exchange reserves (FER), average USD/ INR exchange rate (ERU) , weighted average return of 10 years Central Gsec bond (GSR) , key Bank rates (KBR) and BSE top 100 share by index BSE-100 ( BSE-100) with respect to data for the period April 2007– September 2013, i.e., a time span of 6 years, covering the time before, during and after the global financial crisis by the statistical correlation test and t-statistical test by two tailed significance level test method.

To increase the operational strength of mobile mechanism, usually, various methods of communication management were used.Assorted, distinct, and reliable methods are necessary to correlate inter and intra network methods.In assorted network services connectivity setbacks and decrease in quality of services (QoS) is also noticed due to the composite nature of security regulations.ERP re authentication methods are used for safe and quick connection in assorted networks, carried out at the base station is analyzed in this paper. With the reduction of connectivity operation and message exchanges, in the proposed scheme, delay of re authentication can be considerably decreased.Apart from that, thesuggested re authentication protocol is more competent, as observed from the simulation results.They are better than the present re authentication methods in terms of identification, video /voice communication, throughput and delay.

Women Entrepreneurship plays a vital role in economic development and industrial growth of a country. Whereas the nearly fifty percent of total population is women, so it is obviously necessary to develop the women entrepreneurship for the achievement of economic development of the nation. Women Entrepreneurship plays an imperative role in the growth of any society. Development of women entrepreneurship culture and qualitative business development services are the major requirements for industrial growth. Women are an emerging economic force, which cannot be neglected by the policy makers. It is estimated that women entrepreneurs currently constitute about 13-14 per cent of the total number of entrepreneurs in India and the percentage is growing every year. If the prevailing trends continue, it is likely that in another five years, women will constitute 20 per cent of the entrepreneurial force. The SSI sector is playing an important role in promoting women entrepreneurship in India.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of Self-Esteem with the Cardiovascular Fitness between sportsmen and non-sportsmen. A secondary purpose was to investigate the differencein Self-Esteem and Cardiovascular Fitness between these groups. Sixty (60) subjects were selected from sportsmen and non-sportsmen for this study: 30 male sportsmen were..........

Indian banking industry is considered a booming and sustainable sector in the global financial system. This paper deals with the banking sector reforms in India and the ways designed to manage the risks associated with huge banking sector. An evaluation of Basel norms and their Impact on economic growth of the country has been done pursuant to the globalization of the Industry. The emergence of BASEL-3 and its Impact on Banking in India have been explored, since economic reforms of 1991, most of the traditional and outdated concepts practices, procedures and methods of banking have significantly changed. The competition among financial intermediaries has gradually helped the Interest rates to decline significantly. Deregulation has been achieved. The real interest rate has been effectively maintained at a moderate level. The borrowers did not pay high price while depositors had incentives to save such conditions are atypical of bank failure of not properly managed. The banks had to formulate strategies to manage their risk by proper provisioning. The introduction of Basel- Norms is one of the various initiatives towards that objective. Reforms in the financial and the banking sectors have enabled better financial products. This has allowed financial viability of the banks and helped boost economic growth.

This paper explores the various policies taken by the governments for the development of the nation obviously affects the people. SEZ policies are for the name of development of the country. This SEZ policy created an economic, political and social impact in rural villages in India as well as in Andhra Pradesh. This paper main objective to anlyze the emergence of SEZs in India as well as Andhra Pradesh, this paper also study the socio economic profile of the Kakinada SEZ and examine the Land acquisition process and problems, R&R policy. The findings of the paper SEZs is creating many hardships in the lives of rural people in Kakinada SEZ in Andhra Pradesh.

-The art education is an integral part of the development of each human being . Those has studied learning processes throughout the ages, has emphasized on the importance of arts in every educational process either traditional or modern. Art education refers to the education in the disciplines of music, dance, theatre, and 2 visual arts etc., which uplift our society in many ways . Art plays a vital role in every facet of life and changing its behavior for day today requirements either personal or socio-cultural. One cannot imagine life without art because of its necessity of our existence, same as Graphics, Photography, Hoarding boards, Films, Theatre, Music and Songs, Poetry, Beautiful buildings etc. It is reciprocally proved that aesthetics and beauty are un-detachable part of life; society without art is just like seeing the world without eyes.

A mission statement is a statement of the purpose of a company or organization. The mission statement should guide the actions of the organization, spell out its overall goal, provide a path, and guide decision-making. It provides "the framework or context within which the company's strategies are formulated."The mission of the Department of Banking and Insurance is to regulate the banking, insurance and real estate industries in a professional and timely manner that protects and educates consumers and promotes the growth, financial stability and efficiency of those industries. The Division of Banking and Insurance regulates the activities of insurance companies and insurance related businesses The mission of the Division of Banking and Insurance is to serve and protect the public interest by aggressively enforcing the insurance, securities and banking laws in the Virgin Islands, while at the same time, assisting the insurance and banking industries to better serve the public. The research study focuses the awareness of presence and structure of the mission, the perceived consistency between the espoused values and manager behavior; behavioral influence of mission. In order to obtain the relevant information questionnaires were filled through personal visits to the offices of the organizations. The study was limited to Haryana. The targeted respondents were middle and lower executives. In all a total of 165 questionnaires were distributed of which 157 were received of which 150 were found to be usable. Further an analysis has been done in order to know about the awareness about the mission statement and its influence on employees.

Self Help Group is an important tool which helps the rural women to acquire power for their self supportive life and nation building efforts. SHG is a Village – based financial intermediary usually composed of between10 to 20 local women. The recent origin in this area is the self help groups and they become the very important and strong group acting as instrument in rural development. The SHGs empowers rural women and reduce poverty and ensures and sustainable and holistic rural development. In this research based on the demographic variables like age, gender, educational qualification, marital status, occupational pattern, monthly income, reason for joins of SHG, loan facilities and organisational structure of NGO to determine socio economic condition of the SHG beneficiary in the study area.

In this paper as attempt is made to analyse Dr. B.R. Ambedkar's views on Social Stratification as reflected in Mook Nayak. Here a comperative study is also made between Mook Nayak and other writings of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. This paper analyse main features of Indian Society with special reference to social hierarchy, social divisions, caste system, untouchability and women as reflected in Mook Nayak. Dr. Ambedkar the Chief Architect of Indian Constitution, is well known not only as a constitution and a parliamentarian but also as a scholar and active reformer all over the world. As a champion of the down-trodden he waged relentless struggle against the oppressive features of Hindu Society. Throughout his life, he strove for establishment of a new social order based on the principles of liberty, Equality, justice and universal brotherhood. The Indian Society owes a tremendous debt to his radical and humanitarian approach for solution of the problems of the Backward Classes. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar occupies a position of Indian Society and Philosophy. His erudition and learning as reflected through his writings may serve as a beacon light for rational approach towards our social and religious problems. Babasaheb agitated against many evil social practices and against the slavery of the untouchables throughout his life. His agitation part is represented in the news paper like Mook Nayak, Bahishkrita Bharat and janata which he started to awaken the depressed classes and also the caste Hindus to make them conscious of the Evils in Hinduism and also the slavery of the untouchables.

:-The Process of distance education is an important education method, in modern education system, particularly for those people who were unable to complete their education in traditional ways. In India millions of people getting their in complete education through this Distance Teaching - Learning process. There are several universities in India are providing their education through this process. Yeshwantrao Chavan open university, Nashik Maharashtra. Is a one of the university established exclusively working for distance teaching learning process. Education is playing crucial role for personality development. Education gives us equality, National integration overall economic development etc. By keeping this holy view government of Maharashtra started Yeshwantrao Chavan Open University (Named Ex Vice, Primeminister) at Nashik in 1st July 1989. Because of this university those people were unable to take their education, were able to complete their education through this teaching learning process Truly Y.C.M.U.N. University has started about 206 different courses for the up gradation of the students were sincerely willing to come in the flow of traditional education system. This university is not only gives us the literary education but it also gives the knowledge of flexibility in life, self confidence, responsibility, accountability towards society etc. is the motto of this university. This is a era of technology new techniques are continuously developed so through distance education this \teaching or technological education providing the students particularly prostitute, male & female criminals, Hotel labours, house workers, fishermen, taxi drivers etc. University is to give excellent education for the students. University runs the education in the form of information technology through web radio, Video conferencing. Internet facilities, Yeshwani.com. students can use this facilities at their home or farm. University also provide the scholarship facilities to the backward classes. Now India is becoming undoubtly super power by 2020 to make this dramatic truth this distance education facility definitely will play vital role undoubtly.

The Indian economy today is facing challenges that have crippled the nation since independence- poverty,malnutrion,illiteracy ,widespread inequalities, environmental damage, to name a few. While the country has witnessed unprecedented growth, it is yet to achieve inclusive growth,equity and sustainable development. Indian businesses have played a crucial role in catapulting the country on a growth trajectory and are uniquely positioned to handle the social problems facing the country. It is widely recognised that integrating social, environmental and ethical responsibilities into the governance of businesses ensures their long term success, competitiveness and sustainability.It is with this perspective, the government took a leap of faith and made Corporate Social Responsibilty mandatory through Clause 135 of the New Companies Act,2013. The present paper goes through the regulations pertaining to CSR prior to Companies Act and analyses the issues and opportunities presented by this historic legislation.

Environment has been defined as the sum total of all conditions and influences that affect the development and life of organisms. Environment is interwoven in day-to-day life of human beings and as such man plays a great role in preserving and improving the environment for the sake of development and a better future. The study of environmental behaviour is a significant one and for which the investigator has decided to develop and standardize a scale to measure it.

During the last decade, equipment connected to the electricity distribution network has evolved towards a widespread use of polymeric insulating aterials. Significant improvements have been gained with respect to porcelain-based insulators. On the technical side, sustained hydrophobicity, increased pollution resistance, lightweight, and resistance to vandalism, are some of the advantages. More on the economic side, increased reliability, along with ease of maintenance and storage, have all lead to relevant overall cost savings for the users, and to improved service quality and energy dependability for the final customers. The process, though, has not been extent of risks. The technology was rather new and the minimum requisites and quality criteria have not been fully understood until recently. It has been in the last five years that the need for specific testing and quality requirements have been definitely settled, based on more than 30 years of accumulated experience. This situation has facilitated market penetration of poorly designed, under-tested and under-performing equipment, which has in turn created uncertainties in users. This report is divided into three sections. The study has focused on those design tests that are specifically related to the polymeric nature of the isolating basis, and it was motivated by the large variability on quality and performance that has been detected in the market.

To improve the accuracy of speed and stabilization of the brushless direct current motor, a comprehensive analysis for the reason of electromagnetic torque ripples of BLDC motor with nonideal back electromotive force (EMF) drives in both the commutation and conduction regions is presented. A new automatic torque control method with a current control rule to control phase current is proposed. A new pulse width modulation technique “PWM_ON_PWM” scheme, which eliminates the diode freewheeling of inactive phase will be designed. The duty cycle of this PWM is regulated by measuring the wave function of back EMF. PI controller is used for speed regulation. Simulation results are given to show the comparison between HIGH_PWM_L_ON scheme and proposed PWM_ON_PWM scheme, the proposed method can reduce the torque ripple effectively and improve the stabilization and speed precision as well.

-The paper analyzed the Caste system based on Varnas during the ancient India. It also examined the demerits of caste attached to the present scheduled castes in general and scheduled caste women in particular. The scheduled caste women are disadvantaged by their caste and gender and as such they are subject to exploitation and discrimination by their family members, by their caste people and by forward castes. Hence, there is increase in exploitation, discrimination and violence against the scheduled caste women. The female feticide, illiteracy, gender inequality, Devadasi, Jogini practice, Nude Service to Deity, different types of violence, dowry, child marriage, etc are few of the problems faced by scheduled caste women in present society. Statistics of the violence acts against the scheduled caste women is discussed in the paper and there is need to strictly enforce the legislations passed to protect the violence against scheduled caste women. For this purpose, there is need of enquiry from lady police officials.

A healthy and wealthy nation can emerged only when there is an adequate supply of properly balanced food, when people are not under nourish or mal nourish. It is quite important for the health of the nation, that there should be adequate nutrition, supply of pure water, good sanitation and lack of pollution. There is acute need that the nation should give good and adequate health services to the communities. Urban centers require to be looked after much better than they are at present, it is really the rural areas that have been neglected due to various reasons. Public Health Services like hospital, dispensaries, clinics, doctors, nurses, health centers etc. should be establish in such a way that easy accessibility to these service make available to all the rural and urban people.

For countless women, entering married life often means the beginning of a stressful, violent existence. Beating one's wife seems to be ingrained in many men's mindsets as the appropriate behaviour for a strong male, but the consequences are misery for the wife and children, and often a broken, unhappy home. The concept of domestic violence is based on the notion of patriarchy, which needs to be converted into equality

India's Self Help Group (henceforth SHG) movement has emerged as the world's largest and most successful network of Community Based Organisations (CBOs). Today, there are several agencies working for SHG promotion in the country. The reasons for such spectacular growth of SHG movement in general and SHG banking in particular are many. However, quality is the major challenge that the SHG movement is confronted with at this point of time in the country. Effort is given in this paper to review the existing literature on the issue of quality assessment of SHGs followed by different stakeholders of SHGs and also to determine a common scale to determine quality parameters of SHGs. In 2003, Sa-Dhan undertakes similar effort in this context. In brief, the main objective of this paper is to review the quality assessment procedure and parameters to be considered for assessing the quality of SHGs. Initially, Sa-Dhan has identified 14 items concerning 8 conceptual subscales (based on common consciousness of all major stakeholders of SHGs) which determine quality parameters of SHGs. The present scale is consisted of 61 items concerning 8 conceptual subscales to assess the perception of direct stakeholders on quality parameters of SHGs.

The objective of the study was to determine the effects of Pranayama on Selected Physiological Variables of Male Physical Education Students of P.G.College, Upardaha, Baraut, Allahabad (U.P), India. The subjects for this study were randomly selected from the Department of Physical Education at P.G.College, Upardaha, Baraut, Allahabad (U.P), India. A total of 40 male physical education students were selected as subject for this study. All the subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups. Pranayama was considered as the Independent Variable and Vital Capacity, Resting Blood Pressure (Systolic and Diastolic) and Resting Heart Rate were considered as the Dependent Variable. The statistical technique employed for this study was mean, standard deviation and Ancova test. The level of significance was tested at 0.05 level. A significant (p<.05) effect of Pranayama was found in relation to Blood Pressure and Vital Capacity. In case of Pulse Rate no significant difference was found at (p<.05) level after six week training. The independent variables were assessed before and after the training period.

The School is a social institution created by society for the welfare of its members. In turn the society lays its hopes and aspiration on the growing pupil. In the area of academic achievement, a child, who fails to live up to the expectation of the society is like to face problems, satisfactory study habits may be retarded by the presence of a nagging fear of failure. The pupil facing some acute anxiety problem may find it difficult to concentrate in his standees. Such a pupil feel insecure, lack self-confidence and is usually tense mood. His problems are naturally transferred to the school situation consequently, he is likely to several poor potential achievers. Thus while an poor achiever in school is likely to encounter a host of anxiety problems, the presence of these problems may further retard his academic progress. Hence, an anxiety who is ridiculed n account of his poor performance is likely to get emotionally up set and consequently faces study habits in general need to be aware of the nature and magnitude of the problem could go a long way in helping teaches to employ better and more scientific techniques in the class rooms.

Employee engagement has gained importance over the years as a way of improving retention and productivity. Organizations have undertaken several initiatives to improve engagement levels of their employees and yet surveys find them lacking where it matters. Employees often look at these surveys with disdain and another annual chore. In this article we explore what employees seek from employers, some of the employee engagement practices, who is best placed to engage employees, the challenges to developing an engaged workforce, and what organizations could do better.

-Series of new 1-{N-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)indolyl)}-3-phenylpropanones were synthesized. The intermediate 1H-indolyl-3-phenylpropenones were synthesized by the reaction of indole-3-carboxaldehyde with appropriate acetophenone in the presence of piperidine under reflux condition. Thus, the prepared intermediate indolyl chalcones has been subsequently treated with 2,4-dichlorobenzyl chloride in the presence of potassium carbonate and DMF as solvent under reflux condition to afford title compounds in good yield. The structures of intermediate and newly synthesized N-(2,4 dichlorobenzyl)- indolylchalcones were confirmed by physical and spectral analysis. All the N-(2,4 dichlorobenzyl)- indolylchalcones were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activities. Selected N-(2,4 dichlorobenzyl)- indolylchalcones showed good to excellent antibacterial and antifungal activities with reference to the well-established standards.

Gender equality is an important issue of human rights and social justice. Women represent half of the resources and half of the potential in all societies. Efforts to promote greater equality between women and men can also contribute to the overall development of human society. The empowerment autonomy and the improvement of women's social, economic and political status are essential for the achievement of sustainable development in all areas of life.

-Quality is the watchword of each and every field of life. Education has a vital role in molding a person. ' Survival of the fittest' has become a mantra of the globalized world. To get a better product, the quality of education should be strictly maintained. As the economy depends on its educated populace, quality education in the country is all that desired. While it has taken colossal efforts to increase the literacy rate, the results have been very significant. Quality education is very vital in shaping the future of millions of children and in turn the future of the nation. There for, quality education doesn't only target to provide literacy rate but the complete development of the children's personality. The objective of modern secondary education is to prepare the individual to participate in modern democratic society and, to develop the special abilities capabilities and to meet the needs and interest of each individual. In the attempt to achieve these objectives the curriculum has been broadened and enriched and new methods of instruction developed. Secondary schools must contribute to the development of habits attitudes and qualities of character should enable its citizens to bear worthily the responsibilities of democratic citizenship. The need for secondary education did gain some importance in India as seen in the NPE 1986, which stated, 'access to secondary education will be widened to cover areas unreserved by it at present' , though the implementation of which requires tedious efforts. Caught in between elementary and higher education stages ,the consideration for secondary education are quite different though at times less defined. No one can deny the roles of effective teacher and the effective school atmosphere in the process of quality education. This study will talk about the perception of secondary school students' on teacher effectiveness and School effectiveness.